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The Body of Evidence

Dr. Christopher Labos
The Body of Evidence
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292 episodes

  • The Body of Evidence

    202 – Ultra-marathons and the danger of long distance running

    17/09/2026 | 38 mins.
    A viewer question asks how dangerous marathons and longer races are. Also, there is new data about coronary calcifications in marathon runners. Given that the first person to ever run a marathon dropped dead in the Agora of Athens after delivering his fateful message, there are reasons to be concerned that very long distance races are not good for you.
     
    Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you!
    http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/
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    Hosts:     Christopher Labos & Sophie Tseng Pellar
    Editor:    Robyn Flynn
    Researcher: Auriane Journet
    Theme music: "Fall of the Ocean Queen" by Joseph Hackl
    Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos
    Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer
     
    Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.



    References:
    RunRepeat. The State of Ultra Running 2020. https://runrepeat.com/state-of-ultra-running 

    RunSignup. 2025 Ultramarathon Statistics. https://info.runsignup.com/2026/04/16/2025-ultramarathon-statistics/ 

    Schnohr, P, O'Keefe, J, Marott, J. et al. Dose of Jogging and Long-Term Mortality: The Copenhagen City Heart Study. JACC. 2015 Feb, 65 (5) 411–419.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.11.023

    Pedisic, Zeljko et al. "Is running associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and is the more the better? A systematic review and meta-analysis." British journal of sports medicine vol. 54,15 (2020): 898-905. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100493

    Lee, D, Pate, R, Lavie, C. et al. Leisure-Time Running Reduces All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk. JACC. 2014 Aug, 64 (5) 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.058

    Kim, Jonathan H et al. "Cardiac Arrest During Long-Distance Running Races." JAMA vol. 333,19 (2025): 1699-1707. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.3026

    Newman, William et al. "Risk of atrial fibrillation in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis." British journal of sports medicine vol. 55,21 (2021): 1233-1238. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-103994

    Videbæk S, Bueno AM, Nielsen RO, Rasmussen S. Incidence of running-related injuries per 1000 h of running in different types of runners. Sports Med. 2015;45(7):1017–1026. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-015-0333-8 

    Alentorn-Geli, Eduard et al. "The Association of Recreational and Competitive Running With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy vol. 47,6 (2017): 373-390. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7137

    Heikura, Ida A., Arja L.T. Uusitalo, Trent Stellingwerff, Dan Bergland, Antti A. Mero, and Louise M. Burke. "Low Energy Availability Is Difficult to Assess but Outcomes Have Large Impact on Bone Injury Rates in Elite Distance Athletes". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 28.4 (2018): 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0313
  • The Body of Evidence

    201 – The Dunning-Kruger effect

    10/09/2026 | 38 mins.
    The term has become synonymous with ignorance, incompetence, nincompoopery, crankiness and just being dumb. But what does the Dunning-Kruger effect really mean and is it even real?? David Dunning joins to discuss how much of the popular understanding is actually evidence based.
     
    Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you!
    http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/
    https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE
     
    Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.



    Hosts:     Christopher Labos
    Editor:    Robyn Flynn
    Theme music: "Fall of the Ocean Queen" by Joseph Hackl
    Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos
    Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer
     
    Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.



    References:
    1) David Dunning's presentation at LiliCon The Tricky Art of Knowing When You Really Don't Know : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifjnHckelOs
    2) The original 1999 paper: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1999-15054-002
    3) Other examples of the Dunning-Kruger phenomenon: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12712114/
    4) The statistical arguments of the Dunning-Kruger effect being a statistical artefact: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289620300271
  • The Body of Evidence

    200 – Endometriosis

    03/09/2026 | 50 mins.
    Why is endometriosis so hard to diagnose and why do most people not really know what it is? For something so common, endometriosis is rarely talked about. Until today.



    Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you!
    http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/
    https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE
     
    Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.



    Hosts:     Christopher Labos & Sophie Tseng Pellar
    Editor:    Robyn Flynn
    Researcher: Danielle Kaprelian
    Theme music: "Fall of the Ocean Queen" by Joseph Hackl
    Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos
    Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer
     
    Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.



    References:
    ESHRE guideline: endometriosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35350465/
     
    Time to Diagnose Endometriosis: Current Status, Challenges and Regional Characteristics-A Systematic Literature Review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39373298/
     
    Barriers to a Timely Diagnosis of Endometriosis: A Qualitative Systematic Review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37441792/ 
     
    Factors Associated with Time to Endometriosis Diagnosis in the United States https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28440744/ 
     
    Rethinking the pathogenesis of endometriosis: Complex interactions of genomic, epigenetic, and environmental factors https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39293995/
     
    The Immunopathophysiology of Endometriosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30054239/
     
    Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno: A novel, evidence-based, unifying theory for the pathogenesis of endometriosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28571791/
     
    Navigating towards precision: evaluating the clinical value of non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of endometriosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38576337/
     
    ACOG Publishes New Endometriosis Clinical Guidance, Aiming to Shorten Time to Diagnosis and Improve Access to Care https://www.acog.org/news/news-releases/2026/02/acog-publishes-new-endometriosis-clinical-guidance-aiming-shorten-time-diagnosis-improve-access-care
     
    Diagnosis of Endometriosis https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/clinical-practice-guideline/articles/2026/03/diagnosis-of-endometriosis
  • The Body of Evidence

    199 - PCOS Is Now PMOS: The Controversy Behind the Name Change

    27/08/2026 | 39 mins.
    Polycystic ovarian syndrome now has a new name, polyendocrine metabolic syndrome. But not everyone is happy. Is this progress or just a label swap?



    Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you!
    http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/
    https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE
     
    Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.



    Hosts:     Christopher Labos & Sophie Tseng Pellar
    Editor:    Robyn Flynn
    Researcher: Danielle Kaprelian
    Theme music: "Fall of the Ocean Queen" by Joseph Hackl
    Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos
    Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer
     
    Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.



    References:
     
    The Lancet (2026): Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, the new name for polycystic ovary syndrome: a multistep global consensus process - ScienceDirect
     
    International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS: International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2023 - Monash University
     
    Historical / context
    NIH Methodology Workshop (2012): Evidence-based Methodology Workshop on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) | NIH Office of Disease Prevention Website 
     
    Commentary / debate
    JAMA Medical News (2026): PCOS Is Now PMOS—Will a New Name Translate to Improved Clinical Care? | Reproductive Health | JAMA | JAMA Network
    BMJ Commentary (2026): PCOS name change to PMOS must be managed to avoid confusing patients, says expert | The BMJ
     
    Patient-facing summaries
    Endocrine Society (2026): Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome: New name to improve diagnosis and care of condition affecting 170 million women worldwide | Endocrine Society
    Yale Medicine (2026): PCOS Is Renamed PMOS: What You Need to Know | News | Yale Medicine
  • The Body of Evidence

    198 – Protein Maxxing

    20/08/2026 | 35 mins.
    Protein maxxing is all the rage and the new dietary guidelines in the US recently doubled the recommended amount of protein intake. But will a high protein diet help you lose weight and will it really help you build more muscle?



    Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you!
    http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/
    https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE
     
    Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.



    Hosts:     Christopher Labos & Sophie Tseng Pellar
    Editor:    Robyn Flynn
    Researcher: Auriane Journet
    Theme music: "Fall of the Ocean Queen" by Joseph Hackl
    Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos
    Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer
     
    Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.



    References:
     
    Clinthorne, J., Leidy, H. J., & Sollid, K. (2026). A Modern Take on Protein Nutrition Meets Evolving Consumer Perceptions. The Journal of nutrition, 156(5), 101477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101477 

    Devries, M. C., Sithamparapillai, A., Brimble, K. S., Banfield, L., Morton, R. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2018). Changes in Kidney Function Do Not Differ between Healthy Adults Consuming Higher- Compared with Lower- or Normal-Protein Diets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of nutrition, 148(11), 1760–1775. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy197 

    Hägele, F. A., Herpich, C., Koop, J., Grübbel, J., Dörner, R., Fedde, S., Götze, O., Boirie, Y., Müller, M. J., Norman, K., & Bosy-Westphal, A. (2025). Short-term effects of high-protein, lower-carbohydrate ultra-processed foods on human energy balance. Nature metabolism, 7(4), 704–713. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-025-01247-4

    Health Canada. Canada's Dietary Guidelines for Health Professionals and Policy Makers. Government of Canada; 2019. canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-guide/explore/dietary-guidelines

    Helms, E. R., Aragon, A. A., & Fitschen, P. J. (2014). Evidence-based recommendations for natural bodybuilding contest preparation: nutrition and supplementation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 11, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-20

    International Food Information Council. 2025 IFIC Food & Health Survey: The Full Report. January 2026. https://ific.org/research/2025-food-health-survey

    Jäger, R., Kerksick, C. M., Campbell, B. I., Cribb, P. J., Wells, S. D., Skwiat, T. M., Purpura, M., Ziegenfuss, T. N., Ferrando, A. A., Arent, S. M., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Stout, J. R., Arciero, P. J., Ormsbee, M. J., Taylor, L. W., Wilborn, C. D., Kalman, D. S., Kreider, R. B., Willoughby, D. S., Hoffman, J. R., … Antonio, J. (2017). International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0177-8

    Leidy, H. J., Clifton, P. M., Astrup, A., Wycherley, T. P., Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Luscombe-Marsh, N. D., Woods, S. C., & Mattes, R. D. (2015). The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 101(6), 1320S–1329S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.084038

    Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608

    Pasiakos SM, Davis TA, Klurfeld DM, Neuhouser ML, Rodriguez NR, Tomé D. Perspectives on the protein recommendations in the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. J Nutr 2026.

    US Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2025-2030.

    Wycherley TP, Moran LJ, Clifton PM, et al. Effects of energy-restricted high-protein, low-fat compared with standard-protein, low-fat diets: a meta-analysis of RCTs. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96(6):1281-1298. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.044321
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About The Body of Evidence
Dr. Christopher Labos and guests use the body of evidence to go beyond science and medicine headlines and hype. All to help you develop your critical thinking skills so that when you google your symptoms, you won't believe you're going to die tomorrow. The Body of Evidence is your weekly dose of clarity on complex health topics and the often-sketchy medical information found online. Hosted by cardiologist Dr. Christopher Labos and featuring a rotating cast of co-hosts and guests, this podcast brings you engaging interviews, original reporting, and humour-filled commentaries to help you navigate the world of medicine. Episodes tackle everything from debunking misinformation to exploring the reality of certain conditions to the effectiveness of social media medical trends. With an extensive archive dating back to 2015,The Body of Evidence is your go-to source for understanding science and medicine and developing critical thinking about your health.
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